Look in the essay and find at least 5 random sentences ( any sentences you see) and change it into either the participial phrase or absolute phrase. it has to be 3-2, which three sentences of each phrase and two sentences of the other phrases. and please highlight when you change it
Leonardo da Vinci, born in 1452, was not only known for being one of the greatest artists to ever live, but also made remarkable contributions to engineering, architecture, science, philosophy,… during his lifetime, which make him a true Renaissance man. With every art-piece, Da Vinci indulges a piece of his mind, his creativity warping along with it. In the High Renaissance genre, it exhibits how Da Vinci’s work pinpointed this genre’s mannerisms. As he had continually shown his outstanding creation during the High Renaissance, which saw the rebirth of learning and a move to a secular worldview. Along with his arts, Leonard0 also conducted lots of scientific experiments(specificity) and created futuristic inventions that were too innovative for his time. In Leonardo’s notebooks, science, engineering, and mechanics are three subjects that he was fascinated about. Because in his theory, the study of nature is where the knowledge comes from. That’s why he was also interested in the human body and is believed to have anatomized a lot of human bodies in order to make anatomical drawings. Because Leonardo’s scientific ideas(specificity) were too modern at his time, his influence was limited by the power of the Church. That’s why most of the ideas were hidden. Consequently, most of his scientific achievements were not discovered until a century after his death. Many believe that if Leonardo had published his work on science, he would have advanced science by a whole century.
In the early Renaissance, painting had advanced because of great artists such as Botticelli and Verrocchio. However, Leonardo wanted to reach a higher stage of painting, which was the High Renaissance during his time, and his work is perceived as important and very influential. Because based on his studies, Leonardo had mastered linear perspective. That’s why he developed new ways of representing painting perspective(specificity), which gave his paintings more depth and made them appear more realistic. By using his anatomical studies(specificity) to understand the human body, allowing him to create images of people to be realistic and dynamic. This idea also allowed Leonardo to inspire many painters to adapt more naturalism into painting. The Last Supper, Salvatore Mundi and Mona Lisa are three of the most important arts in Leonardo’s career.
Between 1495 and 1498, Leonardo portrayed the Last Supper by painting on the wall in the dining hall of the Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, which is by far the most famous representation and analysis painting(Sethi, Zaid). It is the famous theological story(specificity) of the last meal Jesus shared with his disciples before His execution, which nailed Jesus to a cross, and at the same time, He also mentioned that one of His disciples would betray Him. As in the painting with a person holding the purse containing silver, which represents the betrayal, named Judas, who was found for being disloyalty to Jesus. Observing the view of the painting, we can witness Jesus sitting in the center frame, reaching for a bread with a glass of wine on hand, which presents to the Eucharist. Behind the presence of Jesus is the view of the landscape and covered by three windows, which in the Bible, represent the Holy Trinity.
While painting on the wall, he also applied the mixture of tempera paint and mixed media- one of Leonardo’s experimental techniques- which later caused a severe deterioration on the Last Supper painting.Therefore many painting people(specificity) were attempting to restore it throughout the centuries. Even with that said, the art historian also states that there are no attempts at redrawing can resemble older representations of the same biblical theme(specificity). In order to draw the Last Supper, Leonardo had to look through the text of the Scriptures, and to see what everything would have been like when Christ said, “Verily I say unto you, that one of you will betray me’. As Leonardo tried to make the scene dramatic, but at the same time, excited to find out who was His betrayal companion(Sethi, Zaid).
The next painting is Salvatore Mundi, which was painted around 1500. Till this day, no one knows if the painting was made for either King Louis XII of France or his wife, Anne of Brittany. Interestingly, in 1625, the painting found its way to England, even though Leonardo painted in Saudi Arabia, and remained in the Queen’s Greenwich Palace private chambers. The Salvatore Mundi drawing is a portrait of Jesus, as a man who dressed in the modern Renaissance dress, in the role of Savior of the world and master of the cosmos. Because on His left hand holding a glass orb, which represents the Heavens, and the right hand is raised with two fingers crossed, as it shows that Jesus gives a divine benediction. The sacred painting(specificity) is representative of the mastery of Leonardo’s signature techniques, sfumato. Even though Jesus’s face is enclosed with emotion and expressiveness defined by Leonardo’s acuity with anatomical correctness, to the viewer’s point of view, this painting gives out the softness of Jesus’s gaze and spiritual quality.
In 1763, it was when Sir Charles Robinson bought Salvator Mundi as a work by Bernardino Luini. And later in 1958, the painting was again sold at Sotheby’s, London for $125 dollars. Owing to its condition, the painting was badly damaged, and was sent to an independent U.S auction house in 2005. Undergoing extensive restoration, it was ready to be purchased in the early 2000s, as it was confirmed as a work of Leonardo. In the auction in 2017, the painting was sold at auction at Christie’s New York for $450 million, a new record for an artwork at that time(Sethi, Zaid).
The next painting is also the most iconic painting that Leonardo had ever painted during the Renaissance, and if you ever asked someone about Leonardo Da Vinci, the first thing people would tell you is Mona Lisa. Yes, Mona Lisa is the most recognized painting in the world. Looking in history, the painting was a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, who was the wife of a Florentine merchant(Sethi, Zaid). Once again, Leonardo has used his sfumato technique(specificity) to make a sense of soft calmness, which infuses the color of her skin and clothes to the view of the background. Although some people think the view of the background was in real life, it was actually constructed in Leonardo’s mind.
In the Early Renaissance, painters only focused on the appearance of the person(in the portrait), such as symbolic objects(specificity), clothing, or gestures. And later in the High Renaissance, Leonardo noticed and wanted a capture of a person’s face more than just how they appear. That’s why he wanted to emphasize Mona Lisa’s smile. What is interesting about it is when people look at Mona Lisa, they never know whether she is happy or sad. Until Gombrich, an Austrian art-historian, responds in order to know if the person in the MonaLisa portrait(specificity) is smiling or not, it depends on two features: the corners of the mouth and the corner of the eyes. But since Leonardo used technique sfumato, he left those features indistinct, by letting those features merge into a shadow. That’s why nobody is sure what mood Mona Lisa is in.
Because the Mona Lisa is the most famous painting in art. It has inspired many artists. As countless writers have written about her, such as French poet Theophile Gautier who called Mona Lisa “the sphinx who smiles so mysteriously.” And she has been the subject of many popular songs. Mona Lisa has also been reproduced on postcards, calendars, posters, and all manner of other commercial products(Sethi, Zaid).
In conclusion, Leonardo Da Vinci had always been a remarkable person not only in the art industry, but also in the science field. He delivered his knowledge of arts and new techniques in painting and influenced many greatest painters in his own time. At the same time, his interest in science and experiment had inspired many people to advance more and more into technology.
