As part of nursing education, students learn about the ‘five rights’ or ‘five R’s’ of medication administration, which serves as a guide to upholding patient safety during clinical medication administration. “These are the five important patient safety principles: administering the ‘right patient,’ the ‘right drug,’ through the ‘right route,’ at the ‘right time,’ and in the ‘right dose.’ (Hanson & Haddad L, 2024). At least two of these were violated during this nursing handoff. According to medical literature, one-third of all medical errors that cause harm to hospitalized patients occur during the medication preparation and administration phase, primarily nursing activity.
