Thank you for your post, affectionate behavior can be shown in many forms whether in intimate relationships, friendships and even family relationships. Recent research conducted by Salazar et al. (2022) examined affection exchange theory between grandmother and grandchild relationships. Results from this study indicated that affection shown from grandmother to grandchild may increase the likelihood of engaging in healthy lifestyle habits by way of generational practices (Salazar et al., 2022). Grandparents are often viewed as the backbone or structure of a family's dynamic as they pass down traditional knowledge that has been learned over the years of their lives with hopes that their offspring will do the same. Mothers are becoming grandmothers at an earlier age, because of this do you think grandmothers will hold the same status of wisdom as they did 50 years ago?
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The process of attraction and love can be described as a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors that contribute to the formation and maintenance of romantic relationships. According to Dutton and Aron (1974), heightened anxiety can lead to an increase in sexual attraction. This may be because anxiety can activate the sympathetic nervous system, which can increase heart rate and other physical arousal responses, leading to an increased desire for intimacy. However, it is important to note that anxiety levels that are too high may actually decrease sexual attraction.
In addition to anxiety, there are other biological factors that contribute to attraction and love. For example, Gonzaga et al. (2006) found that individuals in romantic relationships experience both romantic love and sexual desire, which are associated with different neurochemical pathways. Romantic love is associated with dopamine and oxytocin, while sexual desire is associated with testosterone and estrogen. These different pathways may explain why individuals can experience romantic love without sexual desire or vice versa.
Psychological factors also play a role in attraction and love. One important factor is similarity. Research has consistently shown that individuals are attracted to others who are similar to themselves in terms of personality traits, attitudes, and values. This may be because similarity provides a sense of familiarity and comfort, which can lead to increased attraction. In addition, reciprocal liking, which refers to the tendency for individuals to be attracted to those who express liking for them, is another important psychological factor.
Social factors also contribute to attraction and love. One important factor is proximity. Research has shown that individuals are more likely to form romantic relationships with those who are physically close to them, such as neighbors or coworkers. This may be because proximity increases the opportunities for interaction and can lead to increased familiarity and liking.
Other social factors that contribute to attraction and love include social norms and cultural expectations. For example, in some cultures, arranged marriages are the norm, and individuals may be expected to marry someone who is chosen for them by their family. In other cultures, individuals may have more freedom to choose their romantic partners. Social norms and cultural expectations can also influence the types of qualities that individuals look for in a romantic partner, such as physical attractiveness, intelligence, or financial stability.
The findings on attraction and love, such as similarity, reciprocal liking, and proximity, can be applied to other areas of life, including friendships, work relationships, and political alliances. Individuals may be more likely to form friendships and strong work relationships with those who share similar interests and values, and who express liking for them (Guloglu, 2020). Proximity can also play a role in work relationships, as individuals who work closely together may form stronger bonds. In terms of political alliances, social norms and cultural expectations can influence bonding and a sense of belonging, while similarity and reciprocal liking can increase the likelihood of forming political alliances with those who share similar beliefs and values.
Reference
Dutton, D. G., & Aron, A. P. (1974). Some evidence for heightened sexual attraction under conditions of high anxiety. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30(4), 510. Dutton, D. G., & Aron, A. P. (1974). Some evidence for heightened sexual attraction under conditions of high anxiety. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30(4), 510. – Alternative Formats
Guloglu, M. O. (2020). The Science of Love and Attraction: The long-hidden neurobiological secrets to improve your social and romantic life. Mehmet Oktar Guloglu.
Gonzaga, G. C., Turner, R. A., Keltner, D., Campos, B., & Altemus, M. (2006). Romantic love and sexual desire in close relationships. Emotion, 6(2), 163. Gonzaga, G. C., Turner, R. A., Keltner, D., Campos, B., & Altemus, M. (2006). Romantic love and sexual desire in close relationships. Emotion, 6(2), 163. – Alternative Formats