1. What are the major trends—mobile apps, digital wallets, open banking, and enhanced methods of bank transfers & authentication—in payment systems today?
2. What lessons can be drawn from non-blockchain payment innovations, such as Alipay, WeChat Pay, M-Pesa, India’s IMPS, and U.S. mobile payment apps?
3. What are the challenges and opportunities in the current cross-border payment system architecture?
‘ The Federal Reserve Payments Study: 2017 Annual Supplement’ Federal Reserve
‘Global Payments Report’ Worldpay (November 2017)
‘ The Best Mobile Payment Apps of 2018’ PC World (April 2, 2018)
‘ Why China’s Payment Apps Give U.S. Bankers Nightmares’ Bloomberg (May 23, 2018)
‘M-PESA: how Kenya revolutionized mobile payments’ N26 Magazine (April 9, 2018)
‘ Cross-border retail payments’ (PDF – 1.2MB) Bank of International Settlements Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (February 2018) (Required: page 6 –15, sections 2 -2.3.5 & Box B;and page 39, Annex 3)